What Chemicals Do Scented Candles Release?
According to the American Lung Association, scented candles can cause breathing problems for those with asthma. They emit Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), some of which are irritants and others can cause cancer. The candles' wicks, often cored with metal wrapped in cotton, release trace amounts of heavy metals when burned. Even though lead has been banned in wicks since 2003, replaced by zinc and tin, candles may still release trace amounts of toxins.
The Dangers of Paraffin Wax in Scented Candles
Unless you choose soy- or vegetable-based candles, the wax in most scented candles is usually paraffin, a petroleum byproduct. When burned, paraffin can release acetone, benzene, and toluene into the air, all known carcinogenic VOCs. A chemistry professor from South Carolina State University warns that long-term exposure to these emissions from paraffin candles could contribute to health risks like cancer, allergies, and asthma.
Research on the Health Risks of Scented Candles
One key study published in 2014 found that while scented paraffin candles do produce potentially cancer-causing chemicals like benzene and formaldehyde when burned, the measured levels after four hours of continuous burning were less than half the recommended indoor air-quality limits set by the World Health Organization. However, few studies have comprehensively examined the health effects of burning scented candles, and most were conducted by researchers affiliated with the candle industry.
Who Should Be Cautious About Scented Candles?
Older adults, people with allergies, asthma, cancer, heart disease, or compromised immune systems should avoid scented candles. They can trigger asthma attacks, allergic reactions, and breathing issues. Certain chemicals like benzene and formaldehyde, which can be released by scented candles, are linked to a higher risk of cancer.
Safer Alternatives to Scented Candles
To reduce potential health risks, limit the time you burn candles. Consider using vegetable and soy-based candles, or electric candles. Studies comparing different types of wax have shown that natural wax candles like stearin and soy may be less toxic as they produce fewer emissions and fewer smoke particles.
In conclusion, scented candles can pose potential health risks, especially for certain vulnerable populations. The chemicals they release can have negative effects on our health, although research suggests that typical use may not reach harmful levels. It's important to be aware of these risks and make informed choices when using scented candles or opt for safer alternatives.
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